First Half Headline Names Stand Out in the Lending Market

First Half Headline Names Stand Out in the Lending Market

July 19, 2024

The first half of 2024 offered a host of trending securities which helped drive volumes and ultimately revenue in the securities finance market. Among the standouts were names familiar to both stock loan experts and front pages alike.

DJT Runs White Hot

The stock loan story for DJT started in October 2021, when a recently debuted SPAC, Digital World Acquisition Corp (DWAC), announced that it had entered into a merger agreement with Trump Media & Technology Corp.
 
The nascent firm quickly grabbed the attention of the securities finance market with nearly all the available supply being lent out on October 21, the day after the merger announcement. DWAC would remain a hard-to-borrow carrying an average utilization of 96.6% for the following year.
 
Fast forward to early 2024 and an announcement that the agreed merger is imminent sent the DWAC share price on a rapid increase. With a tight supply of lendable shares, lenders who did have stock to deploy were able to command sky-high fees. The DataLend Fee-1, which represents the average financing rate of new loans on the day, was roughly 350% on March 26, the first day of trading under the symbol DJT. The Fee-1 peaked near a whopping 850% on April 29.
 
Financing costs for DJT have fallen from meteoric highs as more supply has steadily been made available, but the Fee-1 remains above 55%.

GME Returns with a Roar

In what was a serious case of deja vu, Keith Gill (aka) “Roaring Kitty,” returned to social media for the first time in over three years to promote a bullish case for GameStop (GME). The meme stock originator fired off a round of cryptic tweets and posted a screenshot showing a sizable long position in the company. The ensuing boom for GME saw the stock hit a high of $64.83 and the New York Stock Exchange halt trading for volatility.

The initial volley from Gill was followed by a scheduled livestream which helped extend the rally. However, this time around, it seems as if short sellers were not apt to bet against the flurry of retail investors. While GME had hovered between 55 and 70 million shares on-loan over the previous year, the volatility in the cash market sparked increased returns and a decline in loan balances, an indication that short investors closed their positions.

Similarly, while spot rates for new loans did see a marked spike between May 8 and May 16, volumes of new executions did not see a corresponding increase.

EV Winners and Losers

The tumultuous electric vehicle sector plays host to a field of upstarts who have featured prominently in the securities lending market for several years. In 2023, EV manufacturers Lucid Group (LCID), Fisker Inc. (FSKR) and Nikola Corporation (NKLA) as well as lithium battery producer Upstart Holdings (UPST) all ranked within the global top-10 revenue generating securities in the lending market.
 
The first half of 2024 has seen continued volatility with several manufacturers jockeying for position and some for a lifeline. Polestar (PSNY), a Swedish manufacturer owned by Volvo (VOLV), announced in February that it had secured nearly USD$1 Billion in external funding through a three-year loan facility to solidify the company’s financials. The NASDAQ listed firm has seen a roughly 65% decline in its stock price year-to-date. In the lending market, shares of Polestar are highly in demand with an average utilization of 94% and short-interest indicator1 of 11% in 2024.


1 The ratio of total shares on loan relative to the public float of the security.

Perhaps most definitively, Fisker Inc. filed for bankruptcy in June with the intention to liquidate its assets and wind down operations. The announcement was the death knell for a company that toiled in the space for seven years but struggled to manufacture a consumer-level product.

Fisker held talks with major automakers in the early part of the year in an attempt to secure a production partnership, a move that coincided with on-loan quantities rising from 77 million shares on January 1 to over 155 million shares by March 26. The negotiations concluded without an agreement and NYSE moved to delist the stock.

Despite its peers struggling to get off the ground, Tesla Motors (TSLA) has become the most valuable auto manufacturer globally, soaring to the upper echelon of mega-cap firms. With its commercial success, it’s not surprising that the securities lending market, primarily driven by short selling, has been all quiet on the Tesla front as of late (TSLA had featured prominently in the past and was the top earning security in 2018). Tesla’s average utilization has been just 3.1% since the start of 2022. Compare that figure to Lucid Motors (LCID), one of Tesla’s competitors in the luxury EV space, which on average was 97% utilized over the same period. Similarly, when looking at financing costs, Tesla is an easy-to-borrow name with continuous GC rates since 2020.

2024 has so far been a roller coaster ride for Tesla investors, and one with more valleys than peaks. With slowing growth in EV sales and fierce international competition, Tesla reported a 9% drop in Q1 revenue, the worst such decline for the firm in over a decade. At its lowest, Tesla stock was down over 40% YTD as CEO Elon Musk cut jobs and sales forecasts.

Despite the increasing headwinds, the needle has barely moved for Tesla in the securities finance market, an indication that short investors don’t see much of an opportunity betting against the auto giant. The following chart shows a one-year history for Tesla’s on-loan quantity and industry utilization. While there have been some fluctuations, the quantities shown are a tiny blip relative to Tesla’s float and the overall trend-line is nearly flat.

With the US in an election year, there are sure to be more newsworthy names active in the securities finance market in the second half of 2024.